The man who wrote the song about a headless Norwegian mercenary who keeps fighting anyway spent his final months proving he meant every word of it. Warren Zevon, the gangster’s son who became one of rock and roll’s most literate and self-destructive poets, died on September 7, 2003, at his home in Los Angeles, at the age of 56. He was diagnosed with pleural mesothelioma, a rare and incurable cancer of the lung lining, just months earlier, and he responded the only way he knew how, by writing songs, cracking jokes on national television, and insisting that the secret to dying well was learning to enjoy every sandwich.
The diagnosis came in the summer of 2002, after Zevon had spent two decades avoiding doctors with the same ferocity he had once brought to avoiding sobriety. He had been feeling dizzy and coughing persistently before a booking at the Edmonton Folk Music Festival, and it was a dentist, not a physician, who finally bullied him into seeking medical attention. The cancer was almost certainly caused by asbestos exposure, possibly from his childhood spent playing in the attic of his gangster father’s carpet store in Arizona.
The doctors gave him months to live.
Zevon declined the aggressive treatments that would have clouded his mind and stolen his ability to work. After 17 years of sobriety, he poured himself a drink. He told the press he hoped to live long enough to see the next James Bond movie, which turned out to be Die Another Day, and he made it.
But his real project was a final album, The Wind, recorded at his home studio with a parade of friends including Bruce Springsteen, Jackson Browne, Don Henley, Tom Petty, Emmylou Harris, and Joe Walsh, all of whom came to play for him while there was still time.
The most extraordinary moment of his final months came on October 30, 2002, when he walked onto the stage of the Late Show with David Letterman in a gray pinstripe suit, sat down beside the host, and proceeded to be funnier about his own impending death than most people manage to be about anything at all. Letterman, who plainly adored him, surrendered the entire hour to a single guest. Zevon played Mutineer, Genius, and at Letterman’s request, Roland the Headless Thompson Gunner, the song about a man who refuses to stop fighting even after losing his head.
When Letterman gently observed that his life had changed, Zevon deflected with a grin, asking if the host had heard about the flu. Asked whether staring at his own death had taught him anything the rest of the world was missing, he paused for a long beat and answered that it had taught him to enjoy every sandwich. The line has been repeated ever since, and it has become the epitaph for a man who spent three decades writing songs about decapitation, poisoning, machine-gun fire, and the slow rot of cheap Los Angeles hotel rooms.
The sandwich remark was pure Zevon, a deadpan deflection that contained more wisdom than any sermon. He had been born in Chicago on January 24, 1947, the son of a Russian Jewish gangster named William Zevon, known around Los Angeles as Stumpy, who ran dice games and handled volume bets for the infamous Mickey Cohen. His mother Beverly was a sickly devout Mormon of English descent, much younger than her husband and his opposite in every way.
The marriage was a low-grade war, and Warren grew up in the crossfire.
When Warren was nine years old, his father won an upright piano in a poker game and brought it home for Christmas. Beverly objected, and Stumpy answered by hurling a carving knife across the room. She fled out the door, the piano stayed where it was, and the boy sat down at the keys and basically never got up again.
He was a prodigy of a weird sort, drawn not to the rock and roll that was exploding across the country but to the austere calculations of modern classical music.
By the age of 13, the gangster’s son from Fresno had talked his way into the orbit of Igor Stravinsky, sitting in on afternoons at the great man’s Hollywood home alongside the conductor and musicologist Robert Craft. It was an absurd education, and it left him with a sense of structure, of counterpoint and consequence, that would underwrite even his filthiest jokes. Some part of him would think of himself ever after as a serious composer slumming in rock and roll.
When Warren was 16, his parents’ marriage finally died, and he quit Fairfax High School without a backward glance. His father handed him the keys to a Corvette he had won at the tables. Warren aimed it east and drove across the country to New York to become a folk singer, carrying classical harmony, a streak of gallows humor, and a bookie’s cold instinct for the odds, a combination that did not yet have a name.
The folk dream did not pay, and neither did much else for a long while. Back in Los Angeles, he formed a duo called Lyme and Cybelle with a high school friend named Violet Santangelo. In April 1966, their single Follow Me climbed to number 65 before the follow-up sank and the partnership fizzled out.
He kept himself fed the way young musicians usually did, playing sessions and writing advertising jingles, and watched one of his early songs get an unlikely second life.
She Quit Me was re-recorded with a gender switch as He Quit Me, sung by Lesley Miller, and turned up on the soundtrack of Midnight Cowboy in 1969. Another was cut by the Turtles, his old White Whale labelmates, who buried it on the B-side of their immortal Happy Together. His debut solo album, Wanted Dead or Alive, appeared that same year under the eccentric stewardship of the producer Kim Fowley and vanished as if it had never been pressed.
In August of 1969, Warren’s girlfriend Marilyn Livingston gave birth to his son Jordan. They never married, and the role of father sat badly on a man who regarded children, by his own brutally honest admission, as nuisances. To keep the rent paid, he signed on as keyboard player, band leader, and musical coordinator for the Everly Brothers, working closely enough with Phil Everly to arrange and play on his solo records.
It was another strange apprenticeship for a future outlaw poet, but it drilled him in the trade.
In 1974, he married Crystal Braley, a clever and tough woman who would become the great witness and in the end the official biographer of his ruin and his redemption. The following summer, broke and creatively stalled and sick to death of Los Angeles, he fled to Spain. He tended bar and hammered the piano at the Dubliner, a tavern in the seaside town of Sitges, run by an American former mercenary named David Lindell.
Out of their long nights of talk about soldiers and lost wars came Roland the Headless Thompson Gunner.
By September 1975, he was back in California, sleeping on the floor of an apartment shared by Stevie Nicks and Lindsey Buckingham, then on the cusp of superstardom with Fleetwood Mac, and there he was taken up by Jackson Browne. Browne, already famous and genuinely generous by nature, decided that his difficult dazzling friend deserved to be heard and appointed himself producer, promoter, and patron. Warren Zevon, released in 1976, was the album that introduced him to the small fervent congregation that would follow him for the rest of his life.
Browne assembled a cast that doubled as a census of Laurel Canyon. Nicks and Buckingham, Don Henley and Glenn Frey of the Eagles, Phil Everly, Carl Wilson of the Beach Boys, and Bonnie Raitt all turned up to play. Linda Ronstadt became his benefactor, recording Hasten Down the Wind, Carmelita, Poor Poor Pitiful Me, and Mohammed’s Radio, and bringing badly needed money to a songwriter the public had not yet discovered.
The first Rolling Stone Record Guide would call the album a masterpiece. The record itself limped only to number 189 on the chart.
On his first proper tour in 1977, he played his songs in the middle of Jackson Browne’s own concerts, an opening act smuggled in by a headliner who refused to let him be ignored. The songs were like nothing else on the radio. Carmelita was a junkie’s tender lament sung from a Hollywood gutter.
Frank and Jesse James was an outlaw elegy orchestrated as if by Aaron Copland. And The French Inhaler was a scalpel taken to the vanity and cruelty of the music business.
Threaded through it all was Desperados Under the Eaves, a dispatch from the bottom of a hotel bar that doubled as a confession, because by now the drinking was no longer a habit but the organizing principle of his days. Into that listing and tilting household, Crystal brought their daughter Ariel. Then in 1978 came Excitable Boy, and with it the fame he had chased since he was a boy at a contraband piano.
Produced by Browne and the guitarist Waddy Wachtel, Excitable Boy was lean, vicious, and very funny, a record on which a teenage sociologist murders his prom date and builds a cage from her bones, mercenaries die in African wars, and a desperate American in Honduras wishes home the immortal request for lawyers, guns, and money. Critics later spoke of his terror trilogy, the three song run of Roland the Headless Thompson Gunner, the title track, and Werewolves of London.
The story of Werewolves of London is Zevon in miniature. The idea had come from Phil Everly, who had stayed up watching the 1935 horror film Werewolf of London and decided its title ought to be a dance craze. Zevon carried it to Wachtel and the bassist Leroy Marinell, and the three of them wrote the entire thing in roughly 15 minutes, with Crystal taking down the lyrics.
When Wachtel heard the premise, he simply threw back his head and howled, and the howl became the chorus.
The rhythm section was supplied by Mick Fleetwood and John McVie of Fleetwood Mac, whose loping groove became the song’s unmistakable engine. Zevon dismissed the song ever after as a dumb song for smart people and did not want it released as a single. The label overruled him.
The dapper werewolf, prowling London for Chinese food and the throats of little old ladies, loped up to number 21, and the most literate songwriter of his generation was saddled forever with a novelty hit he could not outrun.
Excitable Boy itself climbed into the Billboard top 10, the only time in his life he would taste success on that scale. Rolling Stone’s Paul Nelson ranked Zevon beside Bruce Springsteen, Neil Young, and Jackson Browne as one of the four most important new artists of the decade, and Dave Marsh judged him one of the toughest rockers ever to come out of Southern California. But fame is petrol, and Zevon’s fire was already roaring.
In a Los Angeles of washing cocaine cowboys, he was reckoned the rowdiest of the breed, a vodka-fueled alcoholic of the most frightening species, a man who could disappear into a blackout for days and surface remembering nothing. He could be found unconscious on the floor after days of drinking, lying in his own filth, and more than once the bottle alone came close to finishing the job that cancer would eventually complete. What he did not remember was frequently unforgivable.
He amassed a private arsenal and sometimes fired the guns inside the house. He smashed his in-laws’ furniture, and horrifyingly, unforgivably, in his blackout rages, he beat Crystal, the same woman who would one day set it all down in print at his own insistence. I got to be Jim Morrison a lot longer than he did, he liked to say, offering it as a boast, which is the most frightening thing anybody could say about it.
The gun fetish alone, by the accounts of those who knew him, was enough to chill the blood.
In 1978, his alarmed friends staged an intervention, organized by the Rolling Stone critic Paul Nelson, and it brought a fragile, temporary peace. It also brought him face-to-face with the detective novelist Ross Macdonald, one of his literary idols, to whom he gratefully dedicated his next album. That record, Bad Luck Streak in Dancing School, arrived in 1980, an uneven, road-weary affair that nonetheless held a collaboration with Springsteen and a bruised ballad called Empty Handed Heart.
He closed the year with Stand in the Fire, a savage live album recorded across five nights at the Roxy in Los Angeles and dedicated with perfect and mordant self-knowledge to Martin Scorsese, the great chronicler of charming and self-destructive men. The Envoy followed in 1982, a serious and underrated record whose title track saluted Philip Habib, the American troubleshooter then picking his way through the rubble of the Middle East. Habib actually wrote back to him on State Department stationery.
By then, Zevon had become engaged to a Philadelphia disc jockey named Anita Gevinson and decamped to the East Coast, but the album sold poorly and Zevon learned that Asylum Records had cut him loose not by letter or telephone, but from the gossip pages of Rolling Stone where the verdict sat buried in the random notes segment. The humiliation was complete and he met it the only way he knew, by drinking himself nearly into the grave. In 1984, he committed himself to a clinic in Minnesota.
This time, against odds the bookie’s son would have refused to bet on, he came out sober and he stayed sober for the better part of two decades. Sobriety did not deliver him into peace. With the liquor gone, the obsessive-compulsive disorder it had been drowning surfaced in its full baroque strangeness.
He bought his clothes exclusively in gray, holding identical gray Calvin Klein t-shirts, and painted his entire world the same color, down to the carpet, the couch, and the walls.
He washed his hands 30 times a day. He maintained an elaborate private ledger of lucky and unlucky words and held that if he so much as heard the word cancer, he was bound to return everything he had bought that day. One Christmas Eve, he methodically destroyed every gift he had received rather than chance his bad luck.
He would open and reject a dozen bottles of soda before he found one whose cap released the correct sound. He fretted endlessly that he was losing his hair.
Into the cavity where the drinking had lived, he poured an insatiable compulsive promiscuity, a restless womanizing that only intensified now that nothing dulled it. Our little bad boy, as one former girlfriend put it, became a real bad boy. The music, when he came back to it, was reborn.
In 1987, he signed to Virgin and made Sentimental Hygiene, widely hailed as his strongest work since Excitable Boy, built on a muscular rock foundation laid by Bill Berry, Peter Buck, and Mike Mills of R. E. M.
With Michael Stipe, Neil Young, Bob Dylan, Flea, and George Clinton drifting through the sessions, it yielded Detox Mansion, a wry postcard from rehab, and Reconsider Me, one of the most disarmingly tender songs he ever committed to tape. On the final night of those sessions, Zevon and the R. E.
M. trio stayed up until dawn tearing through blues and rock standards. The resulting tapes eventually emerged as the sole album by a joke outfit called Hindu Love Gods, whose unlikely cover of Prince’s Raspberry Beret became a genuine modern rock hit.
He pressed his luck again in 1989 with Transverse City, a dense and prophetic cyberpunk concept album inspired by the science fiction of William Gibson, and decorated with guitar from Jerry Garcia, David Gilmour, and Neil Young. The marketplace had no idea what to do with it, and Virgin let him go. The 1990s were lean years that he dressed, as he dressed everything, in dark comedy.
Mr. Bad Example came in 1991 carrying Things to Do in Denver When You’re Dead, a title a Hollywood film would later lift.
The live album Learning to Flinch in 1993 caught him touring the globe alone with a guitar and a piano. His fortune shrunken, but his wit undimmed. He played Colorado at every opportunity because Colorado was Hunter S.
Thompson’s country, and the two outlaws had recognized each other on sight. Zevon fell in with an entire tribe of novelists, becoming the musical ringmaster of the Rock Bottom Remainders, a gleefully shambolic band staffed by Stephen King, Dave Barry, Amy Tan, and Matt Groening.
King, who called Zevon’s albums dense with stories and brilliant images, would later dedicate a novel to him. For all the chaos, those who worked with him swore by his discipline. The novelist Carl Hiaasen, a friend, marveled that even young and high as a kite, he agonized over his lyrics.
The records kept coming and kept failing to sell. A Mutineer in 1995 posted the worst numbers of his entire career. But one door never closed.
David Letterman, who plainly adored him, kept summoning him onto Late Night and then the Late Show.
His second resurrection arrived at the turn of the millennium. Signed now to Danny Goldberg’s Artemis Records, he released Life’ll Kill Ya in 2000, an austere and mortality-haunted set that drew his finest reviews in 20 years, and contained the hymn-like Don’t Let Us Get Sick alongside the unsparing, blackly funny My Shit’s Fucked Up. Critics, who had spent two decades writing his obituary, suddenly began calling it a comeback, the second of his life.
He followed it in 2002 with My Ride’s Here, an album so thick with intimations of the end that it now reads like a man clearing his throat before a verdict. It held Genius, co-written with Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Paul Muldoon, and Hit Somebody, the hockey song, written with sports writer Mitch Albom and featuring spoken vocals from Letterman himself. Around this time, he struck up a tender friendship with the actor Billy Bob Thornton, who happened to live in his building.
Everything, improbably, was bending his way. He had stopped drinking, he had started lifting weights, and for the first time in years, he looked like a man with a future in front of him. That was the cruelty of the thing.
Sometime in 2002, before a booking at the Edmonton Folk Music Festival, Zevon began to feel dizzy and developed a cough that would not let go. He had not consulted a doctor for 20 years, a phobia he had worn almost as a point of pride.
The diagnosis was pleural mesothelioma, a rare and merciless cancer of the lining around the lungs, almost always the long-delayed gift of asbestos, and almost always a death sentence. The doctors measured what was left in months. His son Jordan would later wonder aloud whether the asbestos had been lying in wait since boyhood in the attic of the carpet store his gangster father once kept in Arizona, where a small Warren had played.
No one will ever know for certain.
True to a lifetime of refusing the obvious move, Zevon declined the treatments that might fog his mind and rob him of his work, and after 17 dry years, poured himself a drink. To the press, he was, as ever, unbeatable, announcing only that it would be a shame not to live long enough to see the next James Bond movie. The film, when it came, was called Die Another Day, and he made it long enough to see it.
What he chose to do with his sentence was make a record.
The Wind was assembled across late 2002 and into 2003, much of it at Zevon’s home studio with a procession of friends filing through to play for him while there was still time. Springsteen, Browne, David Lindley, Don Henley, Joe Walsh, Tom Petty, Emmylou Harris, Dwight Yoakam, Timothy B. Schmit, T-Bone Burnett.
As the cancer closed its hand, his oldest musical ally, Jorge Calderón, kept pressing him to finish the song he had begun the very day of his diagnosis, a farewell titled Keep Me in Your Heart.
Zevon, characteristically, first tried to fob the vocal off on Calderón himself, who reasonably replied, Are you fucking kidding me? On April 12, 2003, they propped the failing songwriter upright on his couch and recorded it. His daughter, Ariel, pregnant with twins, was in the room, and a photograph survives of her father laying his hand on her belly that same day.
He had asked Crystal to write the true and complete history of his life, exacting from her a promise to tell the whole truth.
A VH1 documentary crew was admitted to film the sessions, capturing a dying man who was, against every expectation, visibly happy to be working. On June 11, his grandsons, Maximus Patrick and Augustus Warren, were born, and the dying man got to hold them in his arms. The Wind was released on August 26, 2003, and crashed into the upper reaches of the Billboard chart, his best showing since Excitable Boy a quarter of a century earlier, and he lived to see it climb.
In his final weeks, his children sat at his side watching Jeopardy and laughing in the dark while his nurses read to him from the Bible. He told his son Jordan he was scared and they both cried a little. On September 7, 2003, Warren Zevon failed to wake from an afternoon nap and died at his home in Los Angeles.
He was 56 years old. His body was cremated and his ashes were scattered into the Pacific off the coast of the city that had made him, crowned him, and very nearly killed him long before the cancer got its turn.
He had outlived his own prognosis by the better part of a year, time enough to finish the work, hold his grandsons, and say a long deliberate goodbye, which is more of a reckoning than most men are ever granted. The Grammys came, as they so often do for such men, too late to be of any use to him. The Wind earned five posthumous nominations and won two, for Best Contemporary Folk Album and for his ragged duet with Springsteen on Disorder in the House, Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group.
Astonishingly, they were the first Grammys of a career that had run more than 30 years. Bonnie Raitt, reaching for a way to describe what had been lost, settled on the perfect line. He made Randy Newman seem normal.
That was the riddle of Warren Zevon. He wrote with such black wit and hard-boiled swagger that listeners kept missing the depths of feeling running underneath, the ache in Mutineer and Accidentally Like a Martyr, the unbearable naked simplicity of Keep Me in Your Heart.
The novelists understood him and the songwriters understood him. The wider public, for the most part, hummed Werewolves of London every Halloween and walked on by. History has proved kinder than the marketplace.
In November 2025, more than two decades after his death, Warren Zevon was at last inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in the Musical Influence category, and it was David Letterman who stood up to induct him.
The Killers and Waddy Wachtel played Lawyers, Guns and Money using the very guitar Zevon had pressed into Letterman’s hands in that green room all those years before. Near the end, he had told an interviewer that with his last songs he wanted to remind people of a single simple thing. This was a nice deal in life.
He had spent his badly and brilliantly, wounding the people who loved him most and leaving behind some of the bravest, funniest, most clear-eyed music America has ever produced.
He met his end with a grace that not one of his songs had quite seen coming. Enjoy every sandwich. From a man who wrote death into nearly everything he ever sang, it turned out to be the whole of the law.