A heavy-set man with a mustache lay face-up on his couch in a crummy Manhattan apartment above the Gumjoy Chinese restaurant on the evening of April 30, 1982. His eyes were open, staring at nothing. Across the room, a record spun endlessly, the needle bumping the runout groove in the idiot rhythm of a machine with nothing left to play. The record was Dare by the English synth-pop group The Human League, a glossily made confection he had bought that very afternoon. He was 33 years old. He had the flu. And after 15 years of cough syrup, rock gut, and amphetamine, he had more or less stopped drinking. In two weeks, he was supposed to fly to Mexico, borrow a rock star’s hunting lodge, and write the novel that would let him quit being a rock critic forever. The funny thing is that he had spent his adult life documenting exactly this kind of death, mourning it, raging at it, and warning a generation against it in prose that ran hot as a blown amplifier. And now here it was in his own front room, as silent as a switched-off television. His name was Leslie Conway Bangs, though nobody on earth ever called him Leslie. And how a boy raised in a Jehovah’s Witness kingdom hall in the tract-house sprawl of El Cajon came to be lying dead beneath a needle stuck in the last groove of a record he half despised is a story with far more feedback in it than melody. Bangs was born in Escanido, California on December 14, 1948, the only child of two transplanted Texans who had drifted west into the citrus and the smog. His mother, Norma Bell, was a coffee shop waitress and a devout Jehovah’s Witness, a meek and hardworking woman who kept the faith like it was a secret treasure. His father, Conway, was an ex-convict and a heavy drinker, a truck driver who walked out on the family around 1957 and died not long afterward in a house fire when Lester was still a boy. So he had a mother married to the end of the world and a father who burned alive. These facts settled at the bottom of everything Lester Bangs ever wrote, like sediment in a bottle. He and Norma moved to El Cajon in San Diego’s dusty east county, and there they made an odd couple indeed: the pious, exhausted waitress and the tall, gawky, uncoordinated kid who looked, one boyhood friend remembered, like Abraham Lincoln without the beard. What the boy wanted was noise. He hid his records behind his bed so his mother would not find them, and he dreamed, he later said, of one day owning a mansion built over catacombs that held every recording ever pressed. He came up on jazz first, the difficult stuff: John Coltrane, Miles Davis, Charlie Mingus. Then on the Beats: Kerouac for the rhythm, Burroughs for the derangement. He learned early that a page could be made to swing, too. At El Cajon Valley High School, his rebellions had a certain flair. He recited Allen Ginsberg’s Howl in its entirety in speech class. Assigned a ten-page paper for each day of gym he had skipped, he turned in a 50-page epic titled Hector the Homosexual Monkey and was promptly suspended. A rant against the hypocrisies of the faith delivered at a church meeting got him banned from the Kingdom Hall for the rest of his life. To reach the altered states his mother’s religion forbade, he ate nutmeg, guzzled cough syrup, and swallowed whatever legal and illegal chemistry he could lay hands on, forever chasing the next kick and the next new sound. He had a miserable childhood, was poorly armed by his environment for anything, and so was obliged to invent himself from scratch. He drifted through Grossmont Junior College and out the other side, finding his way into print through underground papers, reviewing records for the San Diego Door, where he met a bright-eyed teenager named Cameron Crowe who was writing about music too. In 1967, Rolling Stone put out an open call for record reviewers, and Lester answered it the way a drowning man answers a rope from the heavens. He mailed in reviews by the fistful, ten or twelve some weeks, and watched them come back rejected. Then in the spring of 1969, he sent a savage takedown of the MC5’s debut album, Kick Out the Jams, wrapped around a letter that has since become scripture among a certain kind of writer. “Look,” it read, “I’m as good as any writer you’ve got in there.” They printed him. Over the next four years, he would publish more than 150 reviews in the magazine, working when he could sit still long enough at a clip of 16 crackling pages an hour. Rolling Stone was San Francisco, and San Francisco, to Lester’s ear, had gone soft and self-important. His true country was Detroit, and his true home was Creem, the scruffy, broke, gloriously juvenile magazine that treated rock and roll as neither an art object nor a lifestyle accessory, but as a beautiful, disreputable joke worth dying for. He began freelancing for Creem in 1970, wrote a feature on Alice Cooper in 1971, and then packed up and moved to Michigan, where he was named the magazine’s editor that same year. He fell hard for the city, calling it “rock’s only hope,” and stayed five years. Creem in those years was less a magazine than a commune with a printing deadline, run on a shoestring by publisher Barry Kramer out of a farmhouse north of the city where the staff lived and argued and drank and got high in one another’s pockets. It suited Lester perfectly. He had found not merely a job but a family and a brawl, a place that shared his conviction that rock and roll mattered enormously and that taking it too seriously was the one unforgivable sin. Detroit, the wounded motor city with the MC5 and the Stooges in its bloodstream, felt to him like the last honest town in American music, and he defended it against the coasts with the fervor of a convert who has finally located his church or his war. His mother might have approved in theory, if not exactly in practice. At Creem, his prose finally detonated. Using an album as a mere launching pad, his reviews spun off into confession, stand-up routine, insult comedy, and metaphysics, all of it aimed squarely at the swelling pretensions of the rock aristocracy. He and his fellow desperadoes Richard Meltzer and Nick Tosches were christened the Noise Boys, and they brought to the page a manic, overcaffeinated glee that nobody had thought music writing could hold. He was by every account a spectacle in the flesh: a big, shambling, sweating man who could talk faster than most people could think. In 1974, he climbed on stage with the J. Geils Band in front of 13,000 people, sat down at a typewriter, and hammered at it as a species of performance art. He typed pure gibberish, and this was in its way the meaning of the man. The work paid almost nothing, $12 a review, and the survival economics were rather baroque, to say the least. In the 70s, the record companies still believed good reviews sold gold records, and they lavished penniless critics with liquor, dinners, and free flights to see bands in far-off cities. Lester laid the whole grubby arrangement bare in an essay called How to Be a Rock Critic, a comic and self-lacerating anatomy of his trade. He promised the aspirant every glittering reward the racket could offer: “You’ll be an international celebrity,” he wrote, “and die at 33.” He was 33 years old when he wrote his own ending as the punchline to this joke. It was at Creem, too, that Lester and a few colleagues took an old scrap of slang and raised it as a kind of flag. They began using the phrase “punk rock” to describe the raw, fucked-up garage bands of the previous decade and the snarling new acts like the MC5 and Iggy and the Stooges that carried the same voltage. Their writing handed the coming explosion in New York and London much of its vocabulary and half its attitude before the first safety pin had been unclasped. His enthusiasms were fierce and very unfashionable. He wrote up the Stooges as a program for mass liberation, dismissed Black Sabbath’s early records as plodding Cream cliches even while he half admired the bludgeon of them, and championed Lou Reed, David Bowie, Roxy Music, Captain Beefheart, Brian Eno, and the New York Dolls years ahead of the respectable press, which mostly regarded these people as noise or filth or both. He trusted his own ears further than he trusted any consensus. He had, he wrote, long since given up on extending to the other fellow’s taste the benefit of the doubt. And then there was Lou Reed, who was less a subject for Lester Bangs than a lifelong love affair conducted entirely in the key of abuse. Reed was his hero, Lester wrote, precisely because he stood for “the most fucked-up things a person could possibly conceive of.” Lester chased him across a run of interviews between 1973 and 1975 that read like two drunks trying to bludgeon each other to death with cigarette lighters. In the most notorious of them, “Let Us Now Praise Famous Death Dwarves,” published in Creem in March 1975, he called Reed a “completely depraved pervert” and “pathetic death dwarf,” a liar and a whore selling pounds of his own flesh, and then in the same breath credited him with lending poetry and dignity to smack, speed, sadomasochism, and every other thing polite society wished would quietly disappear. He called Reed’s bleak album Berlin a “slab of maggoty rancor,” possibly the most depressed record ever made, and adored it anyway. He worshiped the noise Reed made and defended the indefensible Metal Machine Music, an hour of shrieking feedback that Reed’s own label came to regard as a contractual insult. Lester hailed it as “more or less the greatest thing ever committed to vinyl.”…